A Toothache , also known as odontalgia or, less frequently, as odontalgy , usually refers to pain or soreness around the teeth or jaws. In most instances, toothaches are caused by tooth or jaw problems, such as a dental cavity, a cracked tooth, an exposed tooth root, gum disease, disease of the jaw joint (tempore- mandible joint), or spasms of the muscles used for chewing.
The severity of a toothache can range from chronic and mild to sharp and excruciating. The pain may be aggravated by chewing or by cold or heat. A thorough oral examination, which includes dental x-rays, can help determine the cause, whether the toothache is coming from a tooth or jaw problem.
Generally a toothache happens if tooth decay penetrated the pulp chamber or is very close to it, which contains the nerves and tiny blood vessels. Ideally for a toothache is to undergo a dental treatment at once.
Cavities get their start from plaque that sticks to the surface of a tooth and provides food for bacteria. The bacteria and certain acids break through the enamel surface of the tooth, forming a hole that fills with decayed matter. The decay then spreads to the inside of the tooth.
Common dental causes of toothache include dental cavities , dental abscess, gum disease , irritation of the tooth root, cracked tooth syndrome, temporomandibular disease, impaction, and eruption.
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Some common symptoms noticed while toothache are-
Treatment may include:
Antibiotics by mouth may be prescribed.
Pain medications may be prescribed.
Warm salt water rinses to the mouth.
Tooth extraction (full or partial removal).
Draining of an abscess, if present.
Root canal – a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the damaged nerve and tissue from the middle of the tooth.
If the infection is severe, the child may need to be treated in the hospital and receive antibiotics through an intravenous (IV) catheter.